“I heard everything on the album was recorded in one take,”
said my friend in the driver’s seat.
“You know, Johnny Hartman was only 17 when he joined up with
Earl Hines,” said another.
Still one more passenger chimed in, “Hartman never got more
famous because he spent too much time overseas.”
The conversation then waned into silence before shifting
into a 30-minute discourse on the merits of Coltrane’s use of the Phrygian mode.
That summed up nicely the situation for Hartman. There he was, the beloved
vocalist on one of the most important vocal jazz records ever made and all he
elicited among our small group of ardent jazz fans were three brief comments—and all
incorrect comments at that.
Hartman had somehow escaped the glare of jazz journalism
since his death from lung cancer in 1983. In 1995, his career enjoyed a
posthumous spike in popularity following the use of his recordings in Clint
Eastwood’s The Bridges of Madison County but at the time,
the press reported on him in near mythical terms using only one or two
error-ridden articles as sources. Hartman was described in ghostly,
beyond-human terms which excluded reliance on the earthly reality that he might
have merely been a man who worked hard, walked his daughters to school, still
passed out business cards with his home number, and had a wife with a day job.
Hartman had become more legend than man, and legends don’t
need to have their stories straight. Within the liner notes for each new CD reissue,
his story got increasingly vague. The same few quotes were regurgitated, and
sometimes even mutated, making their next appearance still further removed from
the original intent. Suppositions reported as fact became fodder for the next writer
unwilling to check the source material. Legends don’t need inconvenient details
to get in the way.
And now, after several decades of mostly inadvertent
mythologizing, even Hartman fans with the best of intentions don’t really know
anything about the man they so adore when hearing his “My One and Only Love,”
“I’ll Remember April,” or “I See Your Face Before Me.”
I decided in early 2010 to clarify Hartman’s legacy by documenting his life's story while I could
still track down enough of his family, friends, and peers. The resultant book,
The Last Balladeer: The Johnny Hartman Story (Scarecrow
Press “Studies in Jazz” series, 2012) is the result of two years' work, and
worth every minute to me. I won’t say I uncovered every
fact and figure on the man, but I damn well gave it a shot. If nothing else, I
found Hartman's prized recipe for gumbo in an obscure magazine now long out
of print so I’ll at least get a good meal out of the effort.
To me, Hartman has grown to represent the very voice of
romance in our times. The unadorned, molasses-sweet, sanguine tone of his
baritone voice transcends the years to share stories of love and hope in a
century he never saw and yet perfectly understood. He knew love would still
fill our dreams, and hope would still keep us searching for that very love we
crave. Hartman died all too young at the age of sixty, but the secrets to life
were already his, and we can hear about it anytime one of his ballad recordings
is nearby. And now you can read about it too.
Below is an excerpt from The Last
Balladeer: The Johnny Hartman Story in which Harman gets his first
booking at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1975. Please visit www.johnnyhartmanbook.com to order
a complete copy of the chapter (and the book it comes wrapped in).
Chapter 12 (excerpt)
Looking Bright: 1975–1977
In the summer of
1975, New York City smelled bad. The wildcat strikes of the sanitation workers
caused the trash to pile up on the sidewalks and the resultant odor became
front-page news. In the midst of this predicament, Hartman made his first
appearance at the Newport Jazz Festival, a major opportunity for him to
re-connect with jazz fans and parlay a solid performance into years of gigs.
But if the printed reviews are to be believed, he did little to sweeten the
city air. He took the stage during the evening of July 1, as part of the
“Schlitz Salute to Jazz and the American Song” at Avery Fisher Hall. Each of
the various acts was expected to interpret the music of a well-known composer
of popular song, and for Hartman that meant his idol, Duke Ellington.
Other artists on
the bill included Zoot Sims with Jim Hall, Cy Coleman, Helen Humes, Margaret
Whiting, and Chet Baker. With such a stacked billing, the evening received
copious press coverage and was well attended. Considering the importance of the
concert for Hartman, it’s inexplicable that he chose to stray from the assigned
Ellington material and thus raise the ire of several men with mighty pens. New York Times critic John S. Wilson was
in attendance and, although he often made vociferous efforts to praise Hartman,
of this night he wrote, “Johnny Hartman, an effective singer
who was scheduled to do Duke Ellington’s music, fluffed off the Duke with only
two songs and filled out his segment with such things as “On a Clear Day.”(1)
Respected jazz writer Whitney Balliett dryly recalled several reasons the
evening was a let down, among them Hartman, who, “struggling
with his intonation, celebrated Duke Ellington by singing two Ellingtons, one
Billy Strayhorn, one Kurt Weill, a blues, and “On a Clear Day.”(2)
Photographer/graphic designer Burt Goldblatt, who had a soft spot for Hartman
since their days with Bethlehem Records, couldn’t bring himself to specifically
criticize the singer and instead simply lamented, “It was not one of jazz’s
finest hours.”(3)
In Hartman’s
defense, these gentlemen missed the mark on several points. Of the six songs performed by Hartman, two were by Ellington and an argument could be made that Strayhorn’s “Lush Life” counted as a third. Second, Hartman justified his inclusion ofWeill’s “September Song” by sharing how Duke had specifically requested that he sing it at a previous gig. Third, Hartman’s intonation was excellent throughout
the concert (better than many instances heard on I’ve Been There anyway) and what may have sounded to the audience
like pitch problems was more likely the result of technical troubles mixing the
voice in the sound system. Another irritation to the crowd might have been the
awful jokes and abrasive voice of the emcee, Phyllis Diller. One journalist
wrote, “She was vulgar, tasteless, [and] foolish. A complete waste of time on
everyone’s part.”(4)
Before
introducing Hartman, Diller attempted to ingratiate herself to the audience
with some of her nightclub punch lines but the crowd’s response was tepid at
best. Faced with the difficult task of following Diller’s stale humor, Hartman
led off with a rare (for him) reading of Ellington’s “Sophisticated Lady.”
Opening with a ballad is always a challenge but, making matters worse, several
phrases went by before Hartman’s microphone level was adjusted loud enough to
be clearly heard over the piano of Ellis Larkins. The audio mix was corrected
by the song’s bridge section but Hartman elected to only present one full
chorus so by the time bassist Milt Hinton and drummer Walter Bolden joined in,
it was nearly time to finish. Hartman’s last note could be interpreted as
off-pitch but the problem is more accurately placed in Larkin’s choice of
improvised chords that didn’t support the sustained vocal note. This kind of
spontaneous imperfection is an undesired but typical aspect of live jazz
performances where rehearsal might consist of nothing more that a “talk
through” moments before taking the stage. Perhaps Larkins played a chord
sequence that was perfect for a typical last note from Ella Fitzgerald (for whom
he often played) on the same song but not the one Hartman chose.
Hartman’s second
selection for the evening was puzzling. With well-known Ellington rhythm tunes
available like “Satin Doll” or “You Better Know It,” (both of which Hartman
would record for a radio broadcast the following year) it made no sense that he
so quickly abandoned Duke for a rendition of “Sometimes I’m Happy.” The opening
sixteen bars featured only vocals and walking bass and if anyone was having
intonation problems at that point, it was the normally impeccable Milt Hinton.
The veteran pro played as if he couldn’t properly hear Hartman’s voice, or his
bass had simply gone out of tune in a hall packed with heat-emanating bodies.
He fared better on “Don’t You Know I Care,” just as he had on 1963’s I Just Dropped By to Say Hello.
Hartman’s confident and rich delivery of the clever lyric only raises the
question, “Why isn’t this song performed more often?” His ruminative take on
the melody was probably all it took for Balliett to confuse it for a slow
blues.
Once more
dismissing Ellington, the group next played a swinging version of “On a Clear
Day,” a song consistently included in Hartman setlists throughout the 1970s.
Larkins laid down a fiery piano solo that earned a burst of applause but, once
again, the ending was hindered by lack of rehearsal. Next, Hartman offered an
abbreviated version of his typical spoken introduction to “Lush Life” before
delivering a stunning rendition. Although Hartman didn’t feel it necessary to
regularly perform all six songs from his Coltrane collaboration, Strayhorn’s
“Lush Life” became a fixture of nearly all his appearances and his masterful
experience with the song showed. Hartman described how he kept his approach
fresh for a song he sang so often: “I think I’ve changed the way I sing
it over the years…the more you sing a song, you are apt to change it. It
reflects the moods that you’re in.”(5)
After five
selections, Hartman had warmed up to the audience and shared a brief story
about Ellington once requesting that Hartman sing “September Song” as long as
he could include the introductory verse. He gladly complied. Compared to his
1955 version on Songs from the Heart,
Hartman now presented “September” with a seasoned maturity that caressed every
nuance in the lyric. When Hartman sang about precious and vintage years, he now
possessed a hard-earned credibility that was unavoidably absent in the earlier
draft. After decades of singing to people all over the world, Hartman had
become a master story teller and the reverence awarded him by the subdued
Newport Jazz Festival audience was palpable. A rancor may have hung over the
city that night, but during Hartman’s four Ellington-related performances, the
air above Avery Fisher Hall was pure delight.
Notes:
1. John S. Wilson, “Song Salute Swings, Then Melts,” New York Times, 3 July 1975, 22.
2. Whitney Balliett, Collected Works: A Journal of Jazz, 1954–2000.
3. Burt Goldblatt,
4. Patricia O’Hare cited in Goldblatt,
5. John S. Wilson, "Hartman Singing in 'Voices Of Jazz,'" New York Times, 21 May 1982, 21.














